山东省基本消灭丝虫病后流行病学监测

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE OF FILARIASIS AFTER ITS BEING BASICALLY ERADICATED IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

山东省于1983年基本消灭丝虫病后.1984～1986年流行病学监测结果,在18个纵向和13个横向监测村内,微丝蚴率及密度均呈下降趋势,较1980年分别下降32.1和66.7％。微丝蚴血症陆续转阴率为34.2％,间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)阳性率34.2％,皮试阳性率38.6％,纵、横向监测均未发现新感染的病人。疑似丝虫病者1.7％。纵向观察,淡色库蚊自然感染率为0.06％,其中4只蚊含Ⅲ期幼虫5条。横向观察解剖蚊媒3875只,其中外来人员蚊帐内1只蚊含Ⅰ期幼虫1条,在当地人群住室采集的蚊虫中未发现感染蚊.结果表明,在基本消灭丝虫病地区,除控制外来传染源和保留少数监测点外,不需要采取防治措施。

This paper reports the results of epidemiological surveillance in areas where filariasis has been basically eradicated and control measures no longer adopted in Shandong Province. A 3-year longitudinal surveillance in 18 villages in 5 counties and a cross-sectional survey in 13 villages of 4 counties were carried out. The results showed that the average microfilaria rate was further reduced from 0.28% and 0.15% in 1980 to 0.19% and 0.05% in 1986, decreased by 32.1% and 66.7% respectively. 34.2% of the microfila-remic cases were found to be negative during the two-year follow-up. The positive rate of IFA and skin test was 34.2% and 38.6% respectively. In longitudinal surveillance. of the 240 992 Culex pipiens pallens dissected, 152(0.06%) were found to harbour di-fferent stages of larvae, among them, 5 were infective larvae from 4 vector mosquitoes. In cross-sectional survey, of the 3875 Culex pipiens pallens dissected only l which had bitten immigrant from Zhejiang was found to contain one larve at stage 1. No positive mosquito was found in the household of native villagers. No new infection was disco-vered at longitudinal and cross-sectional survey. The transmission of filariasis in these areas was interrupted. The results showed that in areas where filariasis has been basically eradicated, further control measures may not be instituted, but the management popula-tion movement and surveillance should be strengthened.