从金属间化合物结构材料的发展历史谈新材料研究的方向

To See the Direction of New Material Research from the Development of Intermetallic Structural Materials

本文回顾了金属间化合物结构材料的发展历史,指出,向两相或多相合金发展是一个必然趋势,这和整个材料研究由单一组分材料向多组分材料发展的总趋势相一致。这种趋势是系统论思想在材料科学中的反映。多组分优化组合形成一个有机整体,可以获得各组分单独工作所不具备的优良综合性能。由此论证,对金属间化合物结构材料的应用前景抱简单肯定或否定的态度都是不正确的。一个很有前途的发展方向是选择具有突出优点的金属间化合物作为合适组分,通过多相化和复合材料的途径来发挥其优点,避免其缺点。通过这一回顾和分析,可以清楚看到,正确的思维方式对加速材料科学的进展具有重要的作用。

It could be seen by reviewing the develop ment of inter metallic structural materials that the trend is to develop two-or multi-phase alloys,being in line with the general trend of material research from mono-component materials to multi-component materials.This trend is the reflection of systemoti-zation theory in materials science.Forming integration by an optimum combination of multipe components can lead to good comprehensive properties that can not be obtained by each component working alone.Therefore,a simply positive or negative attitude to wards application prospect of intermetallic structural materials is not appropriate. A promissing approach is selecting intermet-allics possessing special strong points as proper components and synthe sizing them into multi -phase alloys or composite materials to give fall play to their strong points as well as to avoid their weak points.It can be inferred that correct way of thinking may play important role in pushing materials science for-word.