水稻轻型栽培化学除草技术研究─—丁恶复配剂应用技术开发

STUDIES ON CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL IN RICE LIGHT CULTIVATION──DEVELOPMENT OF APPLICATION TECHNIQUE FOR BUTACHLOR-OXADIAZON MIXTURE

研究结果提出了轻型栽培稻田化学除草的优良配方“丁恶复配”。每公顷施用１８００～２１００ｍＬ丁恶５０％ＥＣ，除草效果达９５％左右。建立了水稻安全出苗生态调控及其相应配套技术。明确了水稻出苗率（Ｙ）与土壤水分（Ｘ１）、施药剂量（Ｘ２）、浸种时间（Ｘ３）等各因素的相关式和影响程度，相关式为Ｙ＝１６９．６７－１．７６Ｘ１－０．０７Ｘ２－１．３３Ｘ３；各因素的影响程度分别为Ｘ１占５５．７％，Ｘ２占２．２％，Ｘ３占４２．１％，显示了土壤水分是影响水稻安全出苗的主要因子。试验还表明，控制４０％以下的土壤水分，是使用“丁恶”（Ｂｕｔａｃｈｌｏｒ＋Ｏｘａｄｉａｚｏｎｍｉｘｔｕｒｅ）的关键技术。苗期使用“优克稗十农得时”（Ｄｉｍｅｐｉｐｅｒａｔｅ＋Ｌｏｎｄａｘ）或“快杀稗十农得时”（Ｆａｃｅｔ＋Ｌｏｎｄａｘ），是克服直播稻田中后期草害的优良配套措施，控制草害的效果达９５％～１００％。

The weeds in paddy fields under light cultivation were controlled excellently by spreading Butachlor-Oxadiazon mixture. About 95% of weeds could be controlled in paddy fields by spreading 1 800 ￣ 2 100 mL Butachlor-Oxadiazon mixture (50% EC)per hectare. The ecological modulation for safe emergence of rice and its related technique were established. The relationship of rice emergence rate(Y)to soil moisture(X1),chemical dosage (X2)and sowing time(X3)fitted in with the regression equation: Y=169. 67-1.76X1-0. 07X2-1.33X3.The influences of 3 factors (X1,X2,and X3)were 55.7%, 2.2%, and 42. 1 % respectively, which indicated that the soil moisture(X1)was an important factor affecting rice emergence. The further experiments also illustrated that adjusting soil moisture to below 40% was a key technique for application of Butachlor-Oxadiazon mixture, and application of y-93 + Londax or Bas514+Londax at rice seedling stage was the best combination with the use of Butachlor-Oxadiazon mixture in this case, weed control rate reached 95%-100% and rice seedlings could be prevented from weed damage.