摘要
本文叙述草型塘模型生态系统的结构、功能及应用于评价化学品引起生态效应的可能性。模型塘由8个3m×1m×1m(V=3m ̄3)的玻璃钢水槽组成。每个槽的底部铺设10cm厚的带有水生生物种子、孢子和卵子的河泥,灌注自来水,添加一定量的KNO_3和NaH_2PO_4.使起始氮、磷含量达到中-富营养水平。在室外自然光照条件下培养,实验历时4个多月。经1个多月的培养,各槽即形成结构复杂的沉水植物群落,除各种常见的沉水植物外,尚有多种藻类、浮游动物、底栖动物及微生物。各群落之间的相似性较好,藻类、浮游甲壳类及底栖动物多样性指数变异系数分别为17.7%、18.0%和36.0%。群落功能稳定,9月中旬各槽群落总产氧量平均为5.75±0.30g/m ̄2·d’P/R比值平均为1.26±0.07,二者的变异系数分别为5.2%和5.6%。经单甲脒农药污染影响实验,本模型生态系统中的群落结构及功能产生一系列明显反应。说明草型塘模型生态系统结构、功能比较复杂,稳定,可比性较强,对药物污染反应灵敏,是生态系统水平上生态效应评价的良好工具。
his paper deals with the community structure and metabolism of the model grassy pond ecosystem and the possibility of its application to evaluate the effects of chemical contamina-tion on ecosystems,The model pond of ecosystems consisted of eight glass fiber tanks each inadimension of 3m × 1m ×1m(V=3m ̄3). Each tank was filled with tap water,together with10cm thick river sediments containing seeds,cysts and eggs of aquatic organisms on its bot-tom, Some KNO_3 and NaH_2PO were added to keep water nutrients close to a meso-eutrophiclevel. Then they were incubated under the outdoor ambient condition from June through Oc-tober。One month after incubation, a submerging community , including macrophytes , algae,zooplankton , benthos and microorganisms, was growing up luxuriantly and the communitymetabolism reached steady conditions, The high similarities among the communities in vari-ous tanks were found,and the variabilities of the diversity index for algae , zooplankton andbenthos were 17.7%, 18.0%and 36.0%, respectively. Gross production was averaged 5.75±0.30gO_2/m ̄2·d,with a P/R ratio of1.26±0.07.The variabilities of both gross productionand P/R ratio were 5.2%and 5.6%,respectively.Preliminary monitoring results indicate that this kind of mesocosm was a sensitive anduseful tool for evaluating ecological effects of chemical stress on ecosystem level.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第1期39-47,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
模型生态系统
草型塘
群落结构
化学品
mesocosm, grassy pond,community structure,community metabolism,bioassessment .