北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究Ⅱ丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数

PLANT COMMUNITY DIVERSITY IN ONGLING MOUNTAIN,BEIJING,CHINA:Ⅱ.SPECIES RICHNESS,EVENNESS AND SPECIES DIVERSITIES

本文以１２５块植物群落调查样地资料为基础，从不同类型、层次的丰富度、均匀度和物种多样性指数及其与海拔的关系等方面对东灵山地区植物群落多样性进行了分析。本区亚高山草甸植物群落多样性沿海拔梯度的变化规律是：物种丰富度和物种多样性指数随海拔升高而下降；物种均匀度则随海拔升高而增加。植物生长型与群落多样性指数的关系表现为“乔木层、灌木层物种丰富度指数相近且明显低于草本层；灌木层和草本层的均匀度指数相近，群落间变异幅度较小，乔本层则变异幅度很大；物种多样性指教则表现出草本层＞乔本层＞灌木层的规律。物种盖度和地上生物量作为测度指标计算群落多样性所得结果相近，且优于以株数作为测度指际计算的结果。

ased on data from 125 Plots,species richness, evenness and species diversity of plantcommunities in Dongling Mountain were discussed. Generally speaking plant communities inthe area from 1300m to 1600m above sea level high diversity and in turn are those in the areafrom 1600m to 2303m and then below 1300m.The species richness and diversity indices de-crease along with the increase of elevation,while the evenness is on the contrary. The speciesrichness of tree stratum and shrub stratum are similar which are obviouslv lower than herbstratum. As for the evenness,shrub stratum is similar to herb stratum and both are withsmall variation among communities.Then tree stratum of different communities changegreatly in evenness. Species diversity index for different strata is in the following order:herbstratum>tree stratum >shrub stratum. Coverage and biomass used to measure communitydiversity showed similar results which are quite different from that for individuals.