中国主要五针松群落学特征及其生物量的研究

THE SOCIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND BIOMASS OF STONE PINE FORESTS IN CHINA

本文根据现有的文献资料，系统地分析了中国五针松的分布．群落学特征，按不同分布区、不同群落类型探讨了中国五针松的群落生物量和年净生产量及在群落的不同层次上的分布．比较分析了不同分布区五针松的年干物质累积速度（ＮＰ／Ｂ）．结果表明：１１５─１３５ａ生的阔叶红松林群落生物量在９７．０９─１２０．５１ｔ／ｈｍ￣２之间，年净生产量在８．６９８─１０．３４ｔ／ｈｍ￣２．ａ之间，年净生产量长白山山脉沙松、鹅耳枥红松林＞小兴安岭南坡枫桦、水曲柳红松林＞小兴安岭北坡云杉、冷杉红松林；３０─３６ａ生的华山松林群落生物量在７８．７５─９４．７３ｔ／ｈｍ￣２之间，年净生产量在４．９９３─５．５３７ｔ／ｈｍ￣２．ａ之间，年净生产量贵州山地常绿阔叶华山松林＞秦岭中山地阔叶华山松林＞甘肃小陇山针阔叶华山松林．ＮＰ／Ｂ值：长白山山脉的阔叶红松林＞小兴安岭山脉的阔叶红松林；秦岭中山地阔叶华山松林＞甘肃小陇山针阔华山松林＞贵州中山地常绿阔叶华山松林．

he Sociological Characteristics of Pinus Koraiensis forests,P. sibirica forests,P.grif-fithii forests,P. pumila forests,P.fenzeliana forests,P. kawangtungensis forests and P.ar-mandii are analyzed. Biomass, net productivity and its distribution in various lavers of theforests dominated by P. koraiensis or P. armandii are analyzed.The ratio of net productivityand biomass(NP/B)in various distribution regions of P. koraiensis or P. armandii are stud-ied, The results show (1 ) : that biomass and net productivity of community are 120. 51t /hm￣2and 9.414t/hm￣2· a in the mixed forest with Betula costate,feaxinus mandshurica and P. ko-raiensis : 9.79t/hm￣2 and 8. 698t/hm￣2· a in the mixed forest with Picea,Abies and P koraien-sis; 97.09t/hm￣2 and 1 0. 374t/hm￣2· a in the mixed forest with Abies holophylla, Carpinuscordata and P. koraiensis; 94.73t/hm￣2 and 5. 537t/hm￣2· a in the mixed forest with evergreendeciduous broud-leaf tree and P. armandii:81.57t/hm￣2 and 5. 131t/hm￣2· a in the mixed for-est with broud-leaf trees and P. armandii: 78.75t/hm￣2 and 4. 993t/hm￣2· a in the mixed forestwith coniferous broud-leaf and P. armandii,respectively.(2) :the NP/B value are 0. 107 and0. 078-0. 092 1n Changbaishan mountain:and Xiaoxin’anling mountains of the mixed forestbroud-leaf trees and P. koraiensis;the NP/B value are 0.058,0.086 and 0. 08 in Guizhouprovince,Qinling mountains in Shaanxi province and Gansu province of the mixed forest P.armandii, respectively.