野生紫斑牡丹和四川牡丹种子萌发特性及与其致濒的关系

A study on the relationship between seed germination of wild Paeonia rockii and P. szechuanica and their endangerment

野生牡丹种子一般较小，而且不同产地之间形状、大小差异较大。其萌发特性与栽培牡丹相比也有较大差异：萌发期长达半年以上，且萌发温度在１０～１５℃为宜，超过２０℃则明显不利于生根及上胚轴生长。四个不同分布地的四川牡丹种子萌发率较一致，均在６０～７７％之间。三个不同产地的紫斑牡丹种子萌发率则相差甚远，分布于甘肃文县的萌发率达７６％，而分布于陕西略阳和湖北神农架的萌发率则分别只有１２％和４．４％，出苗率则更低。本文认为紫斑牡丹的种子特性是其在自然界处于濒危状态的重要原因之一。

Most seeds of the wild peony were small as compared with cultivars of cultivated peony. The germination of wild peony seeds must to have a long time, at least, of six months. The temperature range of 10￣ 15 ℃was more suitable and 20℃ would be harmful to seed germination. Though the germination percentages ofPaeonis szechuanha Fang of four localities were only slightly different (60- 77 % ), there were great different in P. rockii T. Hong et. J. J. Li among the three different localities: the germination rate of seeds from Wenxan county, Gansu province was high to 76%, the others were only 12% and 4. 4% from Lueyang county, Shanxi province and Shennongjia county, Hubei Province, respectively. It is suggested that the seed germination characters were one of the important factors which had caused the endangered status of wild P. rockii T. Hong et. J. J. Li.