三系和二系籼粳交杂种F_1农艺性状遗传表现的比较

COMPARING OF GENETIC BEHEVIORS OF SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS FOR TWO TYPES OF HYBRIDS BETWEEN INDICA AND JAPONICA RICE

通过6个籼型三系不育系（A）和3个籼型光温敏核不育系（S）分别与7个粳型广亲和系（W）的不完全双列杂交试验，对两类不同配组模式（即AW和SW）的杂种优势的表现、农艺性状遗传特点及参试亲本基因效应值的差异进行了比较，结果表明，在多数性状上，AW比SW型具有更强的群体平均优势和群体超亲优势；而两者农艺性状遗传方差分量除主穗总粒数等外，在抽穗期、着粒密度和剑叶长的遗传分量则较为一致；参试亲本的加性效应预测值，是D汕A具有降低株高的效应，红突A、W6llls和浙南1号A具有明显地缩短生育期的效应，红突A、D汕A和协青早A有显著地增加每株穗数的效应，而02428、T984和轮回422则有增加主穗总粒数的效应．

Six indica cytoplasmic male sterile lines（A），three indica photoperiod-sensitive or therom-sensitive genie male sterile lines（S） and seven japonica widely compatible varlcies（W） were used in incomplete diallel crosses.It was compared for the difference of heterosis，genetic variances of agronomic traits and gene effects of parents with two types of cross model（A／W and S／W）．The results indicated that A／W type showed stronger heterosis over mid-parent value or over better-parent based on population mean than S／W type in most of traits．The components of genetic variance of agronomic traits in the two types showed the same trend in days to heading,panicle dansity and toplefe length but not in total grains of main panicie．The prediction of additive effect of perents indicated that D-shan A showed effect of decreasing plant height,Hongtu A and W61lls and Zhenan lA shorting the days to heading，Hongtu A and D-shan A with Xieqingzao A singificantly increasing the number of panicles per plant，and 02428,T984 and Lenhan 422 increasing total grains of main panica．