双孢蘑菇同核原生质体育种技术研究 Ⅱ.同核原生质体的杂交

Study on Homokaryotic Protoplast Breeding Technique in Agaricus bisporus II.Crosses between Homokaryotic Protoplastsin Agaricus bisporus

为建立双孢蘑菇同核原生质体杂交育种体系,本文对同核原生质体亲合性反应及杂交异核体F_1代的农艺性状和F_2代的分离与变异规律进行了研究。结果表明:双孢蘑菇同核原生质体的杂交是一个较复杂的性亲合与核迁移过程,其杂交率较低。在按气生型×气生型、气生型×匍匐型、匍匐型×匍匐型组合的520个杂交配对中,共获得113个杂交异核体,平均杂交率为22%。本研究同时建立了以菌落形态、菌丝生长速度、羧甲基纤维素酶相对活性以及酯酶同功酶电泳为手段的杂交异核体鉴定体系。

Compatible reaction of homokaryotic protoplasts, agronomic characters of heterokaryotic hybrid F1 generations, separation and variation of F2 generations were studied in this paper to establish a cross breeding system of homokaryotic protoplast in Agaricus bisporus. Results showed that cross between homokaryotic protoplast in Agaricus bisporus was a complicated procedure of sex compatibility and nuclear migration and its hybridization percentage was not high. 113 heterokaryotic hybrids were obtained from 520 combinations pairing with fluffy type x fluffy type, fluffy type x appressed type, appressed type x appressed type and average hybridization percentage was 22%. Meanwhile, identification system for heterokaryotic hybrid was also established by means of colonial morphology, mycelial growth rate, relative activity of Cx enzyme and esterase isozyme elecrophoresis.