老年人疾病误诊原因的病理分析

An pathological analysis of misdiagnosis in senile patients

本文将临床与病理诊断不符合者定为误诊，分为两组：非肿瘤疾病误诊组３６例，肿瘤疾病误诊组４９例。结果：非肿瘤组男２０例、女１６例；肿瘤组男２９例、女２０例，误诊总例数肿瘤组多于非肿瘤组，性别两组男性均多于女性。肿瘤组与非肿瘤组均以６０～６９岁年龄组误诊率最高。按疾病系统：非肿瘤组误诊以循环系统最多；肿瘤误诊组以消化系统肿瘤最多。按疾病种类：非肿瘤误诊最多见的疾病依次是：心梗、结核、风心病、主动脉瘤、阿米巴病；肿瘤组误诊依次是：胰腺癌、胃癌、肺癌、肝癌、恶性网织细胞增多症。并讨论了两组常见疾病的误诊原因。

Misdiagnosis is defined as a non-coincidence between the clinical and pathological diagnosis. This study included two groups. One was non-neoplastic disease misdiagnostic group of 36 (20 male, 16 female)cases and the other was neoplastic disease misdiagnostic group of (29 male, 20 female) 49 cases.The misdiagnostic rate was the highest in the 6thdecade of life in either the neoplastic or non-neoplastic group. In the non-neoplastic group, the misdiagnosis rate was the highest in cardiovascular diseases,and in the other group, it was the digestive diseases.In the non-neoplastic group, diseases causing misdiagnosis were in the following order of frequency: myocardial infarction, tuberculosis,rheumatic heart disease, aortic aneurysm, amebic colitis; in the neoplastic group: carcinoma of pancreas, stomach, lung and liver,and malignant histocytosis.The causes of misdiagnosis were also investigated.