皮肤衰老与延缓皮肤衰老方法的研究进展

Advances in skin aging studies and methods of delaying skin aging

衰老是机体的自然衰变过程，皮肤衰老是人体衰老的外部表现。皮肤老化分为时程老化与光老化，但病理上均表现为皮肤变薄、弹性减退、皮脂腺汗腺分泌减少、弹力纤维变性、胶原含量减少、皮肤中过氧化脂质和变性蛋白沉积等。分子生物学方面的改变显示衰老皮肤细胞的表皮生长因子受体减少，Ⅲ型胶原基因表达增加而Ⅰ型胶原基因表达降低。有人认为ＤＮＡ复制与衰老密切相关，基因表达调控的改变是引起衰老的主要原因。目前延缓皮肤衰老的方法主要有两大类：一是从细胞水平和分子水平进行调控、延缓细胞衰老；二是根据皮肤结构变化进行结构重塑。

Aging is accompanied by a progressive reduction in organ function, For the skin in par-ticular, many age-associated functional decrements and pathologies are resulted from cumulative envi-ronment insults in combination with intrinsic aging and photoaging.The skin is flattened and dermis isless stretchable and skin appendages decrease in number and loss its function,The number of epidermalgrowth factor receptor of keratinocytes and fibroblasts dereases and expression of mRNA of collagen Ⅲ increases progressively with aging。 The methods to delay skin aging comprise the regulation of geneexpression relating to aging at the molecular level,reconstruction and repairing the skin damaged by in-trinsic aging and photoaging factors。