湖南省职业中毒危害现状及对策研究

COUNTERMEASURE STUDY AND PRESENT HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONAL POISONING IN HUNAN PROVINCE

１９８６～１９９３年对全省县属以上３４６３个企业九种毒物的职业中毒进行了全面系统的调查，包括作业场所的劳动卫生学调查、毒物浓度的测定和作业工人职业性健康检查，共采集分析样品８６９９个，健康检查５０３５４人。结果车间空气各种毒物超标率平均为１１．９８％～６９．８５％，最大超标倍数为４９９倍，职业中毒检出率平均为４．５９％～２９．７８％。表明我省职业中毒的危害仍是严峻的，涉及面广，样品超标率及发病率高，为此提出了相应的切实可行的防治对策。

From 1986 to l993,an overall and systematic investigation on occupational poisoning of nine kinds poisons was done in 3463 factories of Hunan province,During the investigation,8699 air samples were sampled and analysed,50354 workers exposed to poison were examinated.The results showed that the superstandard rate of all kinds of poison concentration in workshop air was 11.98%￣69.85%on an average,the maximum superstandard multiple was 499 and the detectable rate of occupational poisoning was 4. 59%￣29.78%on an average,This result demonstrated that hazard of occupational poisoning in Hunan province was severe.This article suggested a corresponding and feasible countermeasure for the prevention and conrol.