从世界林业发展趋势看中国的林业产业政策

Forest Industry Policies in China in Lightof the World Forest Development Trend

８０年代以来，世界林业发展趋势是：由传统林业向生态化林业转变；由传统的永续利用向持续发展转变；由单纯开发天然林向培育人工速生林转变；由生产锯材和胶合板向生产各种纸产品和非单板型人造板转变；由传统经营模式向持续经营转变。据此，作者提出在制定我国林业产业政策时，应优先考虑扩大森林资源；实行林工结合、优化结构、内引外联、行业管理；国家大力扶持；依靠科技进步，实现优质、高产、高效和持续发展；保持林业管理机构和政策的长期稳定。

Abstract Since 1980s, the world forestry increasingly tends to be convergent. In gene-ral terms ,this tendency embodies the following 5 phases of transitions : 1. transition fromconventional forestry to ecologic forestry, 2. transition from traditional sustained forestutilization to sustainable development, 3. transition from mere exploitation of naturalforests to establishment of fast growing plantations, 4. transition from production ofsawtimber and plywood to production of paper products and non-veneer panel , 5. trans-ition from conventional forest management model to sustainable forest managementmodel. Therefore the author believes that judged by the current development trend ofworld forestry the decisive factors influencing forest developement are the forest policiesformulated and implemented by a country for forest managemant. The recommendationsmade by the author for the forest industry in China are that priority should be set on ex-pansion of the forest resources, that the integration of forest with industry should bereinforced with optimization of forest structure , that professional management should beenforced by using investment from home source and cooperating with foreign ventures,that great support should be given by the government, that a high quality , high yieldingand highly effective forestry should be conducted by reliance on sci-technological progress so as to ensure a sustainable development and the forest administrative organizationand relevant policies should be kept stable as long as possible.