费米能级之近似计算

Approximate Calaulation of Fermi Level

在研究费米子系统的问题时，有一表示化学势与费米能级之间关系的近似等式：应用此式处理问题往往可使计算大为简化．本文重点讨论了该式的具体适用范围．经计算表明，对自然界已发现的金属元素的自由电子气体，直至它们的熔点以下，上式均有高度近似性．而对费米化学气体则只在极低温度时上式才成立，但那时有的气体已经液化了．文中还举例说明了应用该式处理问题的优越性．

In studing the problems of Fermi systems, we found that the chemical potential was approximately related to the Fermi level as follows:Calculation will be quite simple, if we use the above equation. To discuss the fields of application of this equation is the main purpose of this paper. It is proved that the equation is especially useful in calculating any free electron gas of metallic elements up to the melting point of metals. On the other hand, for Fermi chemical gas, the equation can only be used at very low-temperatures, which may result in the liquidization of some gas A few specific examples were also presented to illustrate the advantages of our equation.