宁夏哺乳动物区系与地理区划研究

STUDY ON THE FAUNA AND THE ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL DIVISION OF MAMMALS IN NINGXIA

宁夏现有哺乳动物７５种，隶属于６目１９科５２属。本文分析了宁夏哺乳动物区系特征，将宁夏划分为３个动物地理省、６个动物地理州，并对各省及各州动物区系之间的相似性等问题进行了探讨。

There are 75 species of mammals in Ningxla Hui Autonomous Region,belonging to6 orders,19 families and 52 genera(Table 1).In the mammalian fauna,palaearctic ele-ments contain 49 species,accounting for 65.33%of the total number of 75; oriental re-gion ones are found to have 7 species,accountong for 9.33%;the remaining 19 speciesmake up 25.33%,which are widely distributed.Glires are dominant in the fauna,includ-ing 38 species of rodents and hares,accounting for 50. 67%. Among the other 37 speciesof mammals,23 are rare ones,and they are being protected by the People’s Government. Ningxia,covering 3 subregions of 2 zoogeographical regions,can be divided into 3zoogeographical provinces,each of them having 2 zoogeographical prefectures(Table 1,Fig.1).Ⅰ.South Ningxia Loess plateau Province.There are 48 species in the area, makingup 64.00%of the total number.This area belongs to Loess Plateau Subregion of NorthChina Region,so the faunistic elements are primarily of North China Region. Ⅰ_A. Liupanshan Mountain Prefecture. There live 35 species,of which 11 species arefound in this area only.Ⅰ_B. South Ningxia Loess Hill Prefecture.It has 35 species, 5 of them found to occurthere only.Ⅱ.Middle and North Ningxia Semi-desert Hill-plain Province. There are 40 speciesof mammals, accounting for 53. 33%, Although the area belongs to Eastern Steppe Sub-region of Neimenggu-Xinjiang Region,the faunistic elements are complex and presentthe characteristics of transition from North China Region to Neimenggu一Xinjiang Re-gion.Ⅱ_A. Middle Ningxia Semi-desert Hill Prefecture.There are 34 species of mam-males,and 4 of them can be found in this area only,Elements of Neimenggu-XinjiangRegion are superior in number,but not in species. Ⅱ_B.Yinchuan Plain Prefecture,There live 32 species of mammals,of which 5species occur in the prefecture only.Specise of Neimenggu-Xinjiang Region are littlemore than those of North China Region. Ⅲ.Northwest Ningxia Desert Province.There are 34 species of mammals,makingup 45.33%。It is a part of Wsetern Desert Subregion which belongs to Neimenggu-Xinjiang Region,but elements of North China Region are superior in species. Oriental regionspecies of mammals can not be found there. Ⅲ_A. Helanshan Mountain Prefecture. There live 33 species of mammals , and 8 ofthem occur in the mountainous district only. It is a peculiarity in Western Desert Subre-gion that the species of North China Region are more than of Neiminggu-Xinjinag Re-gion. Ⅲ_B. Tenggeli Sandy Desert Prefecture. There are 17 species of mammals,but onlyone of them can not be found in other prefecture. Elements of Neimenggu-Xinjiang Re-gion are superior in both specise and number.Indexes of faunistic resemblance between the 3 zoogeographical provinces areworked out by the formula.Those between the 6 zoogeographical prefectures are also compared (Table 2).The authors suggest that dividing zoogeographical province should break downboundaries between administrative provinces or autonomous regions.