湖北天鹅洲故道试养江豚生活习性的初步观察

THE PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION ON LIVING HABITS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL REARING FINLESS PORPOISE IN SWAN OXBOW, HUBEI PROVINCE

为抢救濒危水生兽类白暨豚（Ｌｉｐｏｔｅｓｖｅｘｉｌｌｉｆｅｒ），建立保护区无疑是最有效的途径。１９９０年３月到１９９３年１０月，我们对引进白暨豚保护区湖北天鹅洲故道中试养的１１头江豚（Ｎｅｏｐｈｏｃａｅｎａｐｈｏｃａｅｎｏｉｄｅｓ）的生活状况和对环境的适应性，进行了较为详细的研究，力求在引入白暨豚前，对此地江豚的生活情况及白暨豚保护区的建区工作做进一步的生态评价。结果表明，江豚非常适应故道环境。它们能在其中正常生活，完成妊娠过程，顺利分娩，抚幼，幼体也能正常发育和成长。此外，故道还存在豚类防逃的屏障。所有这些，为在此故道建立保护区的合理性，提供了进一步的证据。

In order to save the endangered aquatic mammal Baiji(Lipotes vexillifer),it is nodoubt that establishment of nature reserves is a effective way.Since a high attention tothe animal is paid of worldwide,any unfavourable influence is considered to be remark-able.For this reason,from March 1990 to October 1993,we made a detailed studv onthe living condition and the suitability to the habitat of 11 finless porpoise(Neophocaena phocaenoides),similar to the habits of Baiji in Yangtze river, which are experimentalrearing in the Swan Oxbow, Hubei province,before introducing Baiji for a further eco-logical assessment on establishment of nature reserve.Results show that the finless porpoises adapt to the environment of the Oxbow verywell.In it, they could be living normally,finishing pregnancy,parturition and fosteringtheir calves. The calves would also live and grew up normally,more over there are suit-able environmental conditions which the porpoises prefer and escaping defences for dol-phin in the Oxbow.All these further confirm the reasonableness of establishing a Baijinature reserve in the Oxbow.