应用农田水量平衡模型估算土壤水渗漏量

Using Field Water Balance Model to Estimate the Percolation of Soil Water

建立了一个农田水量平衡模型．并据于模型假设的条件，模拟计算了在冬小麦－夏玉米及冬小麦－裸地条件下历年１ｍ土层土壤水渗漏量。结果表明，土壤水渗漏量与季节内降水量呈正相关，但在不同作物种植制度下有不同的相关关系式。不同水文频率年型下的渗漏量具有明显的差异，湿润年型下比干旱年型下的渗漏量多７０～１４０ｍｍ，冬小麦－裸地比冬小麦～夏玉米种植条件下的渗漏量多３０～５０ｍｍ。

A field water balance model has been developed in this paper.With the assumed boundary conditions,the long-term annual percolation of soil water(PSW)is simulated for one-meter depth soil horizon for cropping systmes of winter wheat/summer maize and winter wheat/bare soil.The results show that PSW is expressed as a linear function of seasonal precipitation,which is different in various cropping systems.PSW changes significanly in different hydrologic year types,which is 70￣140mm more in humid years than in dry years.While in the winter wheat/bare soil it is 30￣50mm more than in the winter wheat/summer maize.