黄河壶口瀑布变迁考证和相应径流关系的初步分析

Paleohydrologic Analysis of the Yellow River Hukou Waterfall and Reconstructing the Runoff Time Series

通过黄河壶口瀑布河段实地考察和测算，得出了瀑布近４０００年来不同时期的溯源侵蚀速度。以现代实测水量与瀑布形成的石槽宽度之比为基础，推算出黄河壶口４２００年径流系列，提出了黄河壶口以上流域的古水量变化过程，其丰、枯、峰、谷，与古气候的暖冷湿干，及中国西部第四纪冰川进退沿黄河两岸古土壤的形成与中断等千年尺度综合的分析对照。这个水量过程的确立与深入研究，将促进水科学理论与方法的发展。

Based on the field survey in the Hukou Waterfall reach of the Yellow River, the headward erosion rates of the waterfall during the different time periods tracing back to about 4000 years were obtained. The historical runoff time series within the last 4200 years were reconstructed by referring to the ratio of water volume of the waterfall measured presently to the width of the stone trough formed due to the waterfall. The temporal variation of paleo-water volumes on the basin up the Yellow River-Hukou has been worked out, also the thousand-year-scale comparison of its wet. dry. peak and trough periods with the warm. cold. wet and dry periods of the ancient climate. the movement and fall of the fourth era in western china. and the formation and break of the ancient soil along the sides of the yellow River, has been presented.