略论炭素科学的形成和进展Ⅲ.电子显微术在炭素结构研究中的应用

A BRIEF NOTE ON THE FORMATION AND PROGRESS OF CARBON SCIENCE Ⅲ.ADVANCES IN THE STRUCTURE RESEARCH OF CARBON BY THE AID OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

本文综述了自３０年代起电镜技术最初对于炭黑外表形貌，及后来在热解炭、丝状炭、石油焦和炭黑晶态结构方面的应用。概述了７０年代兴起的扫描电镜术研究针状焦和炭纤维织构的主要结果。最后着重介绍了高分辩电镜的新技术一相差晶边成像术－在研究炭黑微观结构和几种典型难石墨化炭结构方面的主要成果。

Abstract:The earliest application of electron microscopy(EM)technique to carbon black morphology during the early thirties and its subsequent utilization in the mid of this century to pyrolytic carbon, filamentous carbon, petroleum coke etc. was briefly reviewed.The main results of the texture of needle coke and carbon fiber clarified by SEM technique emerged in the seventies of this century was generally stated. Finally,the achievements of the powerful tool-high resolution phase-contrast EM lattice-fringe imaging when applied to the structural researches of carbon blacks and some typical non-graPhltlzing carbons(PAI-based carbon fiber, glassy carbon and PVDC carbon etc.) was mainly introduced and discussed．