聚焦超声辐照在体兔肝的生物效应——超微结构变化的观察

BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF RABBIT LIVER IRRADIATED WITH FOCUSED ULTRASONICS IN VIVO──OBSERVATION ON ULTRAST RUCTURAL CHANGES

本实验的目的在于探索构成肝脏的四种主要细胞在一定强度的聚焦超声辐照下产生的形态效应,为深入研究其变化机制和肝癌超声治疗提供线索。

ABSTRACT After treatment of focued ultrosonics on rabbit liver, ultrastructural changes of hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, fat-storing cells and endothelia of hepatic sinus are observed. In slightly injured hepatacytes, local degra-nulation of RER, increase of liposomes,formation of aggregate of locally dilated RER and decrase of glycogen may be observed. The changes in heavily injured hepatic cells are irreversible, including nucleus deeply invaginated and RER greatly dilated with pyknotic mitochondria. The heavily injured hepatic cells become necrotic eventually. During necrosis a lot of autophagocytic vacuoles are usually found in the ghost. In early period after irradiation,kupffer cells appeared to be normal in appearance, but they lost autophagocytic abihty with no phagocytic vacuole in its cytoplasm. Then its nucleus became pyknotic and its mitochondria appear high-amplitude swelling. Finally Kupffer cells were broken into pieces. Fat-storing cells were resistant to ultrasound,and no change can be observed after irradiation. We occasionally found that in a fat-storing cell surroundedby necrotic hepatocytes, slight destruction of plasmic membrane was found on the cell tip. After irradiation,nucleus heterochratin of hepatosinosoid endothelium migrated toward the margins of the nucleus and the cytoplosmic vacuoles became numerous and enlarged, and later broken into fine granules. Finally the endothelium disappeared at all. In specimens 1 or 2 months after irradiation,there were recovery changes. The hepatic cells survived at the periphery of necrotic zone proliferated vigorously. The characteristics of new hepatocytes are small in siza with SER gathered as group of vacuoles and RER unconspicuous and glycogenless, hence they are easily to be rscongnized. The new hepatocytes as well as endothelia and kupffer cells are pushed into necrotic space to rebuild new hepatic structures.