《大气一号》气球卫星轨道倾角变化分析

ANALYSIS OF VARIATIONS OF THE ORBITAL INCLINATION OF《DQ-1》BALLOON SATELLITES

引起《大气一号》两颗气球卫星（ＤＱ－１Ａ和ＤＱ－１Ｂ）轨道倾角变化的摄动因素主要是太阳光压摄动、大气旋转和日月引力摄动．太阳光压摄动引起气球卫星轨道倾角增大，平均每天变化约０°．００１７，大气旋转引起轨道倾角减小，平均每天变化不到０°．０００１，但随着高度下降，变化量亦增大，陨落前达０°．００２．本文根据卫星轨道摄动理论，给出气球卫星轨道倾角变化的一种定量分析方法，得到的分析结果为：（１）由太阳光压摄动引起气球卫星轨道倾角的变化，分析得到了两颗气球卫星的表面反射系数，平均为０．９４．（２）由ＤＱ－１Ｂ卫星接近陨落时的轨道倾角的变化，分析得到４９０公里高度附近的平均大气旋转速度为１．０１（ｒｅｖ／ｄａｙ）．（３）两颗气球卫星轨道倾角变化呈现出日月引力摄动引起的周期性的振荡．

The perturbation factors causing the variations of the orbital inclination of two balloon satellites (DQ-1A and DQ-1B) are mainly solar radiation pressure, atmospheric rotation and lunisolar perturbation. The increase of the orbital inclination of two balloon satellites due to the effect of solar radiation pressure is visible and on average the change is about 0.0017 (deg/day). The decrease of the inclination due to atmospheric rotation is invisible as daily change is little more than 0.0001(deg). With the decrease of the orbital altitude the daily change of the inclination increases. Near the decay, the change is up to 0.002 (deg/day). According to the theory of the satellite orbit perturbation, this paper describes the calculation methods to analyse the variations of the orbital inclination of two balloon satellites.The obtained results of the quantitative analysis are that: (1) The reflection coefficients of two balloon satellite surfaces obtained from the analysis of the inclination variations due to the effect of solar radiation pressure are agreement and the mean of the reflection coefficients is 0.94. (2) From the variations of the inclination of the satellite DQ-1B, the mean rotation rates of 1.01 (rev/day) was obtained at the height near 490 km.(3) The periodic oscillations due to lunisolar perturbation are shown in the variations of the inclination of two satellites.