碘缺乏对婴儿智能发育的影响

Effect of Iodine Deficiency on Infants' Mental Development

根据尿碘值，血清促甲状腺激素（ＴＳＨ）、总甲状腺素（ＴＴ４）值及甲状腺肿大等将孕妇配对分为３组进行研究。结果发现：缺碘孕妇补碘后半年左右尿碘、血清ＴＳＨ、ＴＴ４值与正常对照组无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），甲状腺肿大得以改善；妊娠早期补碘孕妇的婴儿体格（身长、体重、头围）及智力发育指标（ＭＤＩ）、运动发育指标（ＰＤＩ）与缺碘对照组之间差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０５），与正常对照组间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），而缺碘对照组与正常对照组之间各指数均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０５）；多元逐步回归分析中，母亲甲状腺肿大因素均以首位进入ＭＤＩ、ＰＤＩ方程，且母亲血清ＴＳＨ值亦以第６位进入ＰＤＩ方程。所得结果证实孕妇缺碘能影响其婴儿的体格、智能发育，妊娠早期补碘能加以预防。

This article deals with the problem of how to correct the adverse effect of iodine deficiency in pregnant women. Iodine deficiency index includes urine iodine, serum TSH , TT_4 , goitered status, etc. Iodine deficient pregnant women were supplied with iodine once in each of the first 3 months in a dosage of 400 mg/ capsule(group C), group B is iodine deficiency in pregnant women with placebo, and normal control(group A). Each group consists of 50 women. Then they were followed for 12～15 months, After they gave birth to their babies, we made a follow-up examination for these babies once a month and measured the height, body weight and circumference of the head. In the 6th month, all infants were brought to Gucheng Epidemic Prevention Station, and MDI (mental development index)and PDI(psychomotor development index)were measured. The results showed that the growth and intelligence of infants in Group C are better than those in group B, and there was no significant difference between group A and C. This study demonstrates that iodine deficient pregnant women must obtain enough iodine supplement in early pregnancy.