福建三个垂直带谱中土壤氧化铁的研究

STUDY ON IRON OXIDES IN THREE VERTICAL SOIL ZONES OF FUJIAN PROVINCE

应用穆斯堡尔谱分析、化学分析和光学显微镜分析，对福建三条最有代表性的土壤垂直带谱中的粗粒及粘粒氧化铁矿物进行研究。结果表明，赤铁矿从黄壤→黄红壤→红壤→赤红壤逐渐增多而针铁矿逐步减少，粗粒原生矿物组合类型从复杂趋向简单。铁的游离度及晶胶比从黄壤→黄红壤→红壤逐渐升高而活化度逐渐下降，但亦红壤例外，这可能与其成土年龄有关。本文还讨论了土壤分类的有关问题。

Iron oxides in the soil clay and coaser fractions of three vertical soil zones of Fujian Province were studied by Mossbauer spectroscopy, chemical analysis and mic-roscope examination. The results showed that from yellow soil to yellow-red soil to red soil to lateritic red soil,hematite increased gradually while goethite decreasedgradually; the combination of iron oxides in the coaser fraction became more andmore simple. From yellow soil to yellow-red soil to red soil, the free degree ofiron and the ratio of crystalline iron oxide to colloidal iron oxide increased gradu-ally while the activity of iron oxide decreased. However, lateritic red soil was anexception, which may be attributed to its young age. It is suggested that the rela-tive contents and the status of the iron oxides can reflect the stages of soil weather-ing and soil formation. Some problems concerning soil classification were also dis-cussed.