黑龙港地区盐碱地演变的研究

EVOLUTION OF SALINE-ALKALI SOILS IN HEILONG-GANG REGION

应用１／１０万、１／２５万ＴＭ图象编制的黑龙港地区盐碱地分布图，代表了８０年代中后期该区盐碱分布的实际状况。经量算，盐碱地共有３９３４００ｂａ，其中轻盐化占一半以上，受自然因素、人为因素的综合影响，盐碱地处于明显的面积缩小、程度减轻的过程中，而且愈向平原上部愈益明显，到了滨海地带虽规律相似，但仍然盐渍最重。由综合分析来看，盐渍减轻扩大了农林牧业的适宜发展幅度，但同时地下水位下降、水资源日益紧缺又将带来生态环境质量的不利影响，这就要求审时度势走农牧林（果）结合的道路，以发挥水少土多的资源潜力。

The distribution map of the saline-alkali soils complied based on the 1 to100000 and 1 to 250000 scale TM pictures reflects the real situation of the saline-alkali soils during the middle and late 80’s in Heilong-gang region. By calculationthere are 393400ha of salt-affected soils of which over half is slight saline-alkali so-ils. Under the natural and anthropogenic effects,the area of the saline-alkali soilsis obviously decreasing and its harm is lightenning,especially in the upper part ofplain. This same trend is found in the coastal area,although the salinization is stillvery serious.By comprehensive analysis,the lightenning of the salinity improvesthe development of agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry in this region,but thedescending of the underground water level and the shortage of water resources willbring out unfavorable effects on the environment quality. So it is necessary to com-bine agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry in this area to make the resourceabe fully and rationally utilized.