高效亲和的花生寄主植物─根瘤菌株组合

HIGHLY EFFICIENT-COMPATIBLE HOST PLANT-BRADYRHIZOBIUM STRAIN COMBINATIONS OF THE PEANUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)

本文针对栽培花生，从大、小共生体双方研究了寄主植物─根瘤菌株组合的亲和性。结果指出：（１）在温室水培盆栽条件下，用菌株１４７－３接种的寄主植物结瘤、固氮能力育成品种＞普通型；（２）血清学鉴定出５个不同血清型菌株，其竞争力或回收率与寄主品种、根瘤菌株和土著菌数密切相关；（３）在温室与田间条件下，不同花生寄主─根瘤菌株组合存在着广谱或特异共生亲和性与非亲和性的差异，并鉴定出高效、广谱亲和的品种徐州６８－４和菌株１４７－３；（４）强亲和的品种─菌株组合比非亲和组合或不接种（对照）显著增产（Ｐ＜０．０５）。统计１９８７─１９９０年７省共２０５个点的亲和组合接种与不接种对比产量的结果，其增产频率为９７％，平均增产４２１．５ｋｇ／ｈａ，增产率１５．１％。现已在我国推广应用１０．１万公顷。

he both sides of macro-and micro-symbionts were studied for host plant─Bradyrhizobium strain compatibility of the cultivated peaunt. The results showed that(1)Bred cultivar was better than virginia type in nodulation and N_2 fixation whenthe host plants were inoculated with strain 147-3 in greenhouse under condition ofwater culture. (2)Five serotype strains were determined by using agglutination intest tube and FA-indirect method.Nodulation competition and recovery were closely related to host cultivar. Rhi-zobium strain and indigenous rhizobium population. (3) The different host plant─Bradyrhizobium strain combinations varied in the widely/sepecifically symbiotic com-patibility and imcompatibility. A widely compatible cultivalr, Xuzhou 68-4 withhighly efficient nodulation and N fixation by strains tested, was identified, and astrong compatible strain 147-3 with broad host range was also indentified in green-house and field experiments. (4) The strong compatible cultivar─strain combina-tions produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher pod yields than the imcompatiblecombinations or uninoculated control. of 205 site trials for inoculation compatiblecombinations in the different parts of China from 1987─1990, the frequence of yieldincrease was 97%, the average yield increased by 421.5kg/ha, 15.1%, comperedwith uninoculated control.