接触联苯胺工人及膀胱癌患者染色体研究

Study on chromosome instability in benzidine-exposed workers and bladder cancer patients

报道了联苯胺接触者及其膀胱癌患者和正常对照者淋巴细胞染色体畸变和膀胱癌发病的关系。观察对象包括三组，Ａ组为联苯胺接触者发生膀胱癌的病人（１５例）Ｂ组为联苯胺接触者（１５人），Ｃ组为正常对照工人（１４人）。三组中淋巴细胞畸变的人数分别占６０．０％，５８．３％及１４．０％，其淋巴细胞畸变率分别为１．１％，０．７％及０．３％。Ａ、Ｂ组显著高于Ｃ组，且膀胱癌组比非膀胱癌组细胞畸变率高。Ａ组有４例发现有２个以上的淋巴细胞畸变，Ｂ组仅有２例，其中１例在染色体畸变检验后１年发生了膀胱癌。对有染色体畸变者作Ｇ带分析的结果表明主要是缺失、易位、断裂和插入，其中多数在９号、８号、６号染色体，且Ａ组至少牵涉３次。表明具有较高畸变的个体可能有较高的膀胱癌危险性。外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变及／或先天的遗传缺陷（通称为染色体不稳定性）反映了癌症的易感性。作者认为联苯胺工人淋巴细胞染色体畸变率增高可与其它生物学标记相结合作为膀胱癌早期监测的指标。

This study reported the relationship of chromosome aberration with prevalence of bladder cancer in workers exposed to benzidine with or without bladder cancer.The subjects were divided into three groups.Group A: 15 cases with bladder cancer exposed to benzidine;group B:15 workers exposed to benzidine ;group C:14 healthy individuals. There were 60, 58 and 14%individuals with chromosome aberration in group A,B and C respectively. The lymphocyte aberration rates were 1.1,0.7 and 0.3%respectively. They were statistical1y significant1y With chromosome aberration higher in group A and B than in group C.The rate of cell aberrantion was higher in group A than in group B.There are 4 individuals with more than 2 aberrant cells in group A and 2 individuals in group B. In group B one worker who had chromosome structure oberration developed bladder cancer one year later.In chromosome G-band analysis, most aberrations occurred on chromosomes # 9,#8and#6 with deletion, transloeation insert or break.This study may demonstrate that the individuals with higher frequency of aberrant cell have higher risk of bladder cancer.Chromosome aberration and deficiency in predisposition represent chromosome instability.The authors suggest that the chromosome aberrant rate in lymphocyte of workers exposed to benzidine could be an early biomarker for bladder cancer caused by exposure to benzidine.