中国人群膳食营养素及营养状况分析──1989年8省实例研究

Dietary intake and nutritional status of Chinese adults with different socio-economic levels

为了解我国１０年经济体制改革后人群膳食结构的改变及身体的营养状况，于１９８９年对８省的１６市２４县居民的调查结果进行分析。结果表明，城市和县城居民热能摄入低于郊区和农村。来源于动物性食物的热能，城市和县城占１１％～１３％，郊区和农村只占５％～９％左右，各类地区来源于动物性食物的蛋白质和动物性脂肪随经济收入的上升而增加。调查人群成人（２０～４５岁）超重（ＢＭＩ≥２５．０）的检出率在７％～１２％之间，消瘦（ＢＭＩ＜１８．５）在７％～１０％之间。城市和县城居民超重检出率显著高于郊区和农村居民（Ｐ＜０．００１）。低收入组的超重检出率低于中高收入组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。体质指数（ＢＭＩ）随热能、蛋白质、脂肪等营养素摄入量的增加而升高。

In order to have a comprehensive view regarding the changes of dietary pattern and nutritional status of Chinese people experiencing 10 years of economic refotm and open policy,a nutrition survey covering 16 cities and 24 counties in 8 provinces was conducted in 1989.The results of stratified analyses show that per capita energy consumption of people in cities and county-towns was lower than that in suburbs and villages.The energy sources from animal food accounted for 11%～13%in city and county-town residcnts and that for the suburbs and the villages accounted for only 5%～9%.The intake of animal protein and animal fat increased with the improvement of economic statrs.The prevalence of overweight(BMI≥25)among adults(20 ～45a) accounted for7%～12%and that of underweight(BMI≤18.5)7%～11%.The prevalence of overweight was higher in the cities than that in the rural.The prevalence of overweight was lower in the low income group than that in the high and medium income groups.The BMI increased with the increasing intakeof energy,protein,fat and Other nutrients.