（无芒山羊草）中国春等小麦雄性不育系小孢子败育及育性恢复的初步研究

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON MICROSPORE ABORTION AND MALE FERTILITY RESTORATION IN (AE. MUTICA)cs CMS AND OTHERS OF WHEAT

研究了（无芒山羊草）中国春、（尾状山羊草）中国春和（拟斯卑尔脱山羊草）中国春三种小麦细胞质雄性不育系（ｃｖｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｅｌｉｎｅ，ＣＭＳ）小孢子败育特点及育性恢复特性，结果表明：１．（无芒山羊草）中国春ＣＭＳ小孢子败育主要发生在单核晚期和二核期，以园败为主，园败频率为７５．９％；２·（尾状山羊单）中国春ＣＭＳ和（拟斯卑尔脱山羊草）中国春ＣＭＳ小孢子败育主要发生在单核晚期，以典败为主，典败频率分别为８０．５％和９２．５％；３．上述三种小麦ＣＭＳ易恢性不同，其中（拟斯卑尔脱山羊草）中国春ＣＭＳ易恢性相对较好，而（无芒山羊草）中国春ＣＭＳ相对较差．在测交试验中，三种ＣＭＳ都找到了育性可完全恢复的恢复系．拟斯卑尔脱山羊草细胞质和尾状山羊草细胞质在杂种小麦生产应用中可能有较大潜力．

Using three different types of cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) of wheat as materials,we investigated their microspore abortion and male fertility restoration. The results were as follows:1. Most of microspores of (Ae. mutica)cs CMS degenerated at late uninucleate stage and dinucleate stage,However,in (Ae. caudata)cs CMS and (Ae. speltoides)cs CMS,most of microspores degenerated at late uninucleate stage.2. When the T-type restorer lines were used to test-cross with three different types of CMS respectively,the degree of male fertility restoration in the F1 hybride was different.