试论材料科学与工程的内涵与研究方法

ON THE ESSENTIAL AND RESEARCH METHOD OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

文章介绍了材料科学和工程的形成与发展；分析了对材料科学与工程的科学内涵认识的发展进程，指出材料研究正在逐渐由经验积累型转向科学设计型；简要地讨论了材料科学与工程的研究方法，强调了材料科学家所具备的知识与技能的特点；最后叙述了科学实验在材料科学中的重要地位．

The formulation and evolution of materials science and engineering (MSE) are de- scribed. The developent of materials science and engineering is now in an important critical period, which is characterized by the transition from the accumulation of facts and experi- ences to the exploration of decent science behind facts. The study of synthesis and process, composition and structrue, property, application and performance of materials and the rela- tion among them are the essential of MSE. The research method and habit of scientists with different backgrounds are discussed. The materials science is still an experimental science. The science and technology knowledge which a good materials scientist should have is dis- cussed.