苹果叶片离体培养研究

STUDY OF REGENERATION CAPABILITY FROM APPLE CULTIVAR LEAF TISSUE

用帝国、自由、富士、嘎拉、金冠、乔纳金、Ｊｏｎａｓｔｙ、红乔纳金、解放、皇家嘎拉１０个苹果品种的试管苗，切取叶块作离体培养试验。枝条的再生程序是：０．５ｍ￣２大小的叶块，在再生培养基上，黑暗下培养两周时间，首先从叶切块基部的中脉处形成愈伤组织，然后是侧脉和其它部分陆续形成愈伤组织；经两周黑暗处理后，再在光照下培养约两周时间，就能从愈伤组织上开始生出枝条。再生能力的大小受品种基因型所左右，Ｊｏｎａｓｔｙ是一个高度亲合的三倍体品种，再生能力最强。其次是乔纳金、自由和帝国。最好的再生培养基是ＭＳＳａｌｔ＋４０ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＬＳＶｉｔａｍｉｎ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＴＤＺ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＩＡＡ。

study of regeneration capability was used from leaf tissue of the ten apple scion cultivars,Empire,Freedom,Fuji, Gala,Golden,Jonagold,Jonasty,Jonagored,Liberty, Royal Gala.Shoot regeneration underwent the following pattern of organogenesis. Callus first was formed inthe dark on the cut surface of midvein of leaf piece bottom where cell division and proliferationwere stimulated by wounding,The callus developed into shoots if the cultures were transferred tonormal photoperiod two weeks later after being in the dark. Regeneration capability was influ-enced by genetype,Jonasty was a best cultivar for regeneration,it was a high heterozygoty andtriploid,and then were Jonagold , Freedom and Empire. The best medium of regeneration wasMS Salt+ 40mg/L,LS Vitamin+1mg/L,Thidiazuron+0.5mg/L IAA.