根据叶表皮微形态特征探讨山羊草属基因在小麦属中的渗入Ⅰ．组间途径

A RESEARCH ON THE INTROGRESSION FROM AEGILOPS L.TO TRITICUM L.BASED ON LEAF EPIDERMAL CHARACTERSⅠ.PATHS BETWEEN THE SECTIONS

解剖观察了小麦属３个组、山羊草属６个组的叶片远轴面表皮，并根据表皮上长细胞、短细胞、气孔器细胞、刺毛和大毛在各个类群中形态、数量和分布式样的差异，从组群角度对山羊草属基因在小麦属中的渗入进行了分析。结果表明：小麦属中除线穗组无山羊草属基因侵入外，其余扁穗组和柱穗组皆为山羊草属基因可能的受体类群；山羊草属中除无芒山羊草组、顶芒山羊草组和小伞山羊草组无基因输出外，拟斯卑尔脱组和节节麦组均有基因进入小麦属，其中拟斯卑尔脱组基因最大可能进入扁穗组，节节麦组基因最大可能进入柱穗组；柱穗山羊草组的表皮结构较特殊，它是否为山羊草属基因的供体类群值得进一步研究。

The abaxial epidermises of leaf blades of all sections of Triticum and Aegilops are surveyed inthis paper. According to the differences of the morphologies , quantities and distribution patternsshown by the long-cells,short-cells ,stomatal apparatuses, prickle-hairs and macrohairs on the leafepidermises of every taxon,the introgression from Aegilops to Triticum is analysed from the angleof section. The results show that the Sect. Kiharae Dorof.&Mig. and the Sect. Triticum inTriticum are probable accepter of Aegilops gene except that the Sect. Monococcon Dum. has nothe gene; and in Aegilops the Sect. Sitopsis(Jaub.&Spach)Zhuk. and the Sect.VertebrataZhuk. have the genes invaded into Triticum except that the genes of the Sect.Amblyopyrum( Jaub.&Spach)Zhuk,,Sect.Comopyrum(Jaub.&Spach)Zhuk. and Sect. Aegilops are not ex-ported,of which the gene of the Sect. Sitopsis(Jaub.&Spach ) Zhuk.probably enters the Sect. Kiharae Dorof。&Mig. of Triticum and the gene of the Sect.Vertebrata Zhuk., the Sect. Triticum; the Sect. Cylin dropyrum(Jaub.&Spach)Zhuk.has a special structure of leaf epider-mis,whether it can be a donor of Aegilops gene is worthy to be further studied. The entire resultnot only confirms the conclusion predecessors reached in the field of cytogenetics,but also basical-ly agrees with the external morphological characters of the two genera.