抗厌氧菌中草药的系列研究 Ⅰ.抗厌氧菌中草药的筛选

A Serial Studies of Chinese Herbs on Their Antimicrobial Properties Against Anaerobic Bacteria I. In-Vitro Screening Test of Chinese Medicinal Herbs Against Anaerobic Bacteria

目前治疗厌氧菌感染的药物不够理想,仍需发掘新药。根据文献选出抗感染中草药389种,用水、乙醇和石油醚三种溶剂,分别提取和制备成含生药1g/ml的药液,对临床常见的脆弱类杆菌等12种厌氧菌进行平板打孔法的抑菌试验。结果显示诃子、茴香根、穿心莲、黄连、肉桂、大黄、五味子、木通等53种中草药的1～3种提取液能对二种以上的厌氧菌有直径20mm以上的抑菌环。反复试验显示肉佳、大黄、五味子、木通能稳定地对4种以上的厌氧菌有20mm以上的抑菌环。作者认为平板打孔法是筛选中草药抗菌作用的简便方法,并准备对选出的中草药作进一步研究。

389 varieties of anti-infectious Chinese medicinal herbs were selected according to the famous chinese ancient books on medicine. The medicinal herbs were extracted with pure water, alcohol and ether accordingly to obtain a preparation containing lg herb/ml. 12 strains of type cultures from ATCC or CDC of clinically important anaerobes including Bacteriodes fragilis, B. melaninogenicus, Peptostreptococeus and Clostridium perfringes were used to deter Sine their susceptibility to the above mentioned preparations with plate-digged method. The results indicated that 53 varieties of the extract including Terminalia chebula (诃子) , Foeniculum vulgare (茴香) , Andrographis paniculata (穿心莲) , Coptis teeloides (黄连) , Schisandra chincsis (五味子) , Caulis Aristolochiae Manshuriensis (木通) , Rheum palmatum (大黄) , Cinnamomum cassia (肉桂) etc. showed definite inhibition to more than 2 different species of anaerobes with a diameter of inhibition zone>20mm. Among them, Cinnamomum cassia, Rheum Palmatum, Schisandra chinensis, Caulis Aristolochiae and Manshuriensis showed definite inhibition of at least 4 species of anaerobes, so the authors consider that there were 4 herbs at least with prospective value for use as antimicrobial agent and deserve attention for further research. The plate-digged method has been found convenient for in-vitro screening of Chinese medicinal herbs.