苏州阳山高岭石矿物学特征及其形成途径

The Mineral characteristics and Formation Ways of Kaolinite in Suzhou Area

本文通过对苏州高岭石矿物学及形成途径进行了讨论。研究表明苏州高岭石可分为蚀变型及溶洞充填型两种成因类型，两者在化学成份，微量元素及结构特征上均有所差异。高岭石的形成途径有四种，（１）长石经绢云母中间阶段形成高岭石；（２）长石直接转化成高岭石；（３）从溶液中直接沉淀形成高岭石；（４）由胶体晶化作用形成高岭石。蚀变型高岭石主要是由（１）（３）种主式形成，而溶洞充填型高岭石主要是由第四种方式形成。高岭石以何种途径形成取决于介质的温度，ｐＨ、阳离子种类及离子浓度。

The mineral characteristics and formation modes of Kaolinite are discussed in this pa-per The Study shows that Kaolinite in Suzhou area can be divided into altered Kaoliniteand cavern- filling Kaolinite . Two Kinds of Kaolinite are diffrent in chemical composition,trace element and crystal structure。Kaolinite can be formed by four Ways,that is:①trans-formation of feldspar into Kaolinite through an intermediate seriete stage;②direst trans-formation of feldspar into Kaolinite;③direct precipitation of Kaolinite from the solution;④formation of Kaolinite by collid crystallization.Altered Kaolinite is mainly formed byway of①-③,and cavern-filling Kaolinite is mainly formed by collid crystallization。Theforming ways of Kaolinite are decided by temperature,pH,cation type in hydrous mediumand ion concentration.