花魔芋球茎休眠特性的研究

A STUDY ON THE DORMANT CHARACTERISTICS OF AMORPHOPHALLUS KONJAC TUBERS

花魔芋茎球茎休眠表现为芽休眠，属于生理休眠型。叶芽球茎和花芽球茎的顶芽分化及休眠特性差异很大，叶芽球茎在顶芽萌发时（４月前后），其基部的茎上开始分化新的顶芽（内生芽），约经一年分化完成；新顶芽６月中下旬１７月中旬进入体眠，至翌年４月前后结束休眠。花芽球茎于８月在叶柄基部茎上开始分化花芽，１０月下旬至１１月上旬收获时，分化基本完成。其休眠发生于花芽分化初，翌年２～３月结束。贮藏温度显著影响球茎休眠，在５～２０℃时，休眠期随着贮藏温度的提高而缩短，在２０℃下，叶芽球茎休眠期（从收获时开始算起）为９９～１０７天，花芽球茎休眠期为４４天左右。低温（５℃）可延长休眠期，抑制萌发。

The dormant pattern of konjac(Amorhophallus konjac K. Koch )hiber is a kind of true dormancy. The apical bud differentiation and dormant characteristics of 1-to-3-year-old tubers with leaf buds were different from that of 4-year-old tubers with flower buds. The leaf bud began to differentate when sprouting and formed by the time of next sprouting. The dormancy of the tubers with new leaf buds incepted in middle June to middle July and ended in about April next year under natural condition. However,The flower bud began to differentiate in August and formed basically by harvesting. The dormancy of tubers with newflower buds occurred in the time of the bud initiation and ended in February or March next year under natural condition. Storage temperature affected tuber dormant period. The lenth of tuber dormant period redticed as storage teniperature increased from 5℃to 20℃. Under the condition of storage temperature 20℃ . he lenth of the dormant period of the tubers with leaf buds was about 99～107 days and that of the tubers with flower buds was about 44 days after harvesing.Lower storage temperature (5℃)could increase the lenth of tuber dormant period and inhibit sprouting.