金属基复合材料新型制造技术

The New Processing Technologies of the Metal Matrix Composite

本文介绍了金属基复合材料新型制造技术：自蔓延法，ＸＤ法，直接氧化法，Ｌａｎｘｉｄｅ法和喷射共沉积法的基本原理、工艺特点，例举了各种制造方法所制造的金属基复合材料的机械性能，分析了各种制造方法的优缺点。并指出：自蔓延、ＸＤ、直接氧化和Ｌａｎｘｉｄｅ法同属原位生长法，其共同优点是工艺简单、产品成本低廉；共同缺点是产品（质量）密度低、增强相数量不易控制。而喷射共沉积法属于新型快速凝固金属基复合材料制造方法，其所用设备成本较为昂贵，工艺较为复杂。今后，应在进一步完善以上各种制造工艺的同时，建立与各种成型方法相关的基本理论。

In the paper, authors present the basic principles and technological features of the new processing technologies of the metalmatrix composite, such as self propagating high temperature synthesis.XD synthesis, Directed metal oxidation (Dimox) synthesis, Lancide synthesis and Spray- Atomized and codeposied synthesis,illustrate the mechanical properties of the metal matrix composites produced by the above- mentioned approaches, analysis advantages and shortcomings of different approacbes and pointout that SHS,XD,Dimox and Lanxide approach belong to the in stiu processing. Composites containing reinforcement generated in stiu are likely to have the advantages of .virgin uncontaminated intedeces and can be fur,ther tailored during sikudufucation processing to promote adequate bonding between the matrix and the reinforcements. In addition,this route of synthesis of composites may be more ecnomic as the reinforcements are not tnanufactured and handled separately.The shortcomings of the .in stiu processing are that the composites POssess low density and the quantity of the reinforcements can not be controlled easily. Spray atomization and codeposition processes belong to the rapid solidification technology.The basic thenes of the new processing technologies above should be created as the processiny,technologics are imprproved further.