儿童学习困难与社会心理因素——全国14个省市1576例儿童学习困难调查分析

Learning difficulty and mental health:A national collaborating study on 3084 children from special counseling Clinics

全国14个省市协作研究“儿童学习困难的原因分析”。采用统一工具,统一方法,统一标准,统一数据处理。样本来自学习困难专科咨询门诊3084名儿童,对照组来自各校学习成绩优良的2200名儿童。研究结果表明,专科咨询门诊中儿童学习困难检出率为51.1%,学习困难儿童有精神卫生问题者占87.8%。儿童学习困难与家庭环境不佳,父母教育方式不当有关,提示注意改善环境,改变教育方法,提高父母的素质至关重要。

From the special counseling clinics for learning difficulty (LD) in various provinces,3084 refered children were evaluated by 15 collaborating units with uniform instruments and procedure,in-cluding average level examination for primary school children and Achenback Child Behaviour Checklist。51.1% (1576/3084) were screened out as with LD and the remainded 48.9% (1508/3084) were scoredas with adjustment disorder at school。Among the LD children,87.8% (1383/1576) were with variousmental health problems while 6.4% (101 cases) suffered from mild MR,5.3% (83 cases) with ADD and0.5% (8 cases) diagnosed as learning disabled。Compared with 2000 normal children from average prima-ry schools,1576 LD children were found to be significantly associated with less educated father,brokenfamily,disagreement in parents expectation and poor model of education for children,indicating the vitalimportance to improve the quality of family education。