教育因素对认知功能年老化过程的影响

EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL FACTOR ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN AGING PROCESS

应用言语－操作和人机对话两种方式共１２项作业，完成年龄和教育因素对认知功能影响的研究，被试共７３４人，４６－７５岁．结果表明：（１）年龄和教育因素对认知成绩的影响因作业而异，分别为年龄影响明显（图象自由回忆和无意义图形再认）、教育因素影响明显（卡片分类、图象分类和矩阵填图）、年龄和教育因素影响均明显（符号数字、词对联想学习、听觉和视觉数字广度）或均不明显（心算）．（２）四项非词语性作业速度明显受年龄和教育因素的双重影响．

A study on the effects of age and educational factors on cognitive function was accomplished by using the methods of language-operation and mancomputer interaction in 12 tasks on 734 subjects of 46 to 75 years of age. The results indicated: 1) The effects of age and educational factors on the cognitive performances were not uniform in the different tasks. The obvious effect of age on the cognitive performances was observed in free recall of picture and meaningless picture recognition.The obvious effect of education on the cognitive performances was presented in picture classification, card classification and progressive matrices. Both age and educational factors showed a significant effect in symbol-digit, paired-association learning, visual and auditory digit span, No significant effects of age and educational factors were found for calculation. 2) The cognitive speed of 4 nonlexical tasks was influenced significantly by both age and educational factors.