确定原子体系精细波函数的群论方法

The GroupTheory Method Establishing the Meticu1ous Wave FunctiOn of Atomic Systerm

原子体系的精细波函数是群ＳＵ＿２在各种首权下的不可约表示基。群ＳＵ２的约化，虽有一套完整的处理方法，但计算十分繁杂，且比较抽象。本文通过分析群ＳＵ＿２＿与置换群ｓ＿ｎ间的隔同态对应关系，由置换ｓ＿ｎ的不可约基，得到群ｓＵ＿２的不可约基。本文以四（价）电于原于体系为例进入讨论、、．分三部：一、实验事实和量子力学一般结论；二ｓ＿１的约化系数矩阵及其不可约表示基；三、ｕＪ，在首权ｓ＝２，１，ｏ下的不可约表示基——ｖ（价）电子原子体系的精细波函数。

The meticulous wave function of atomic system is the irreducible representa-tion basic vectors of group SU_2 with all sorts of head weights.There is a complete set ofmethod disposing the reduction of group SU_2 but its calculation is very complicated and ab-stract.Analysing the homomorphism from SU_2 into S_n irreducible representation basic vec-tors of group S_n are obtained.This article disscuss in three respects with four eletronatomic systems as an example:1.experment facts and general conclusion of quantum me-chanics,2.the reduced coefficient matrix of group S_4 and its irreducible represei1tation basicvectors,3.the irreducible representation basic vectors of group SU_2 with head weights S=2,1,0--the meticulous wave function of four eletron atomic systeim.