补料及开食料中不同种类蛋白质对仔猪过敏反应及腹泻程度的影响

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF PKOIEINS IN PRESTARIER AND SIARTER ON THE HYPERSENSITIVITY AND DIARRHEA OF YOUNG PIGS

用３周龄断奶仔猪研究了补料和开食料中不同蛋白料对断奶后的过敏反应和腹泻程度的影响、补饲和开食料中分别以玉米－豆饼、豆饼、醇处理豆饼或乳蛋白为唯一蛋白来源的补料。仔猪７日龄开始补饲，试验至３５日龄结束。结果表明，断奶后保持蛋白来源不变时仔猪的过敏和腹泻程度比改用复合开食料时低，木糖吸收和养分消化率高（Ｐ＜０．０１），但补豆饼组例外；乳蛋白引起的过敏反应最弱，腹泻程度最低，木糖吸收率和养分消化率最高，豆饼引起的腹泻最严重，腹泻开始最早，持续时间最长，木糖吸收率和养分消化率最低，玉米－豆饼和醇处理豆饼引起的腹泻程度居中（Ｐ＜０．０５）；断奶各组３５日龄木糖吸收率极显著高于２８ｍ日龄吸收率（Ｐ＜０．０１），但低于不断奶的对照组相应值（Ｐ＜０．０１）。粪中大肠杆菌计数表明，腹泻程度与微生物增殖无关。由此认为，肠道对日粮抗原过敏是仔猪断奶后腹泻的主要原因；过敏和耐受程度及补饲约影响取决于日粮蛋白质种类。

An experiment was conducted to study whether young pigs develop hypersensitivityand diarrhea to different dietary proteins. Pigs were fed creep diets at 7 d and weanedat 21d; Corn-soybean meal(CSM) or soybean meal(SM) or soybean meal treated withhot alcohol(TSM) or milk protein(MP) was the only dietary protein source of bothprestarter and Starter. Results of 2-week trial showed that pigs fed starters with sameproteins as in prestarters suffered hypersensitivity and post-weaning diarrhea less scverelyand had higher xylose absorption and nutrient digestibilities than their littemates fedCS after weaning(P<0. 01).But the reserve was true for pigs creep-fed SM. Pigs fedMP developed little hypersensitivity and postweaning diarrhea, those given SM sufferedhighest incidence. Longest duration and earliest onset time of diarrhea and those fed CSMor TSM went in the middle(P<0.05). Xylose absorption was significantly higher at 35 dof age than at 28 d for all weaned pigs(P<0. 01), but lower for weaned pigs than forunweaned pigs(P<0. 01).Results of E. coli. examinations in feces showed that postwea-ning diarrhea may occur in absence of E.coli proliferation. It was concluded that thetransient hypersensitivity of intestines to dietary antigens was the predisposing factor topostweaning diarrhea of early-weaned pigs, and that the extent of hypersensitivity orimmune tolerance to dietary antigens and the effects of creep feeding depended on thetypes of dietary proteins.