应用于卫生害虫防治的昆虫生长调节剂的文献综述

AS USED AGAINAT INSECTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE

近年来,应用于卫生害虫防治的昆虫生长调节剂的文献大量出现。已研究与应用的昆虫生长调节剂的类型包括昆虫保幼激素及其类似物,几丁质合成抑制剂和其它可改变昆虫生长作用的化合物。在实验室与现场已对许多种化合物防治不同骚扰性与媒介昆虫的作用进行了评价,其中阿尔多息,敌灭灵与灭幼宝等具有较好的防治作用,已在许多国家被注册,并应用于卫生害虫及兽医害虫的防治。自从Mian与Mulla(1982)关于这些化合物的作用以及对环境的影响的文献综述发表以后,已有许多研究和进展。迄今,关于昆虫生长调节剂防治的害虫类群已从叮咬性与骚扰或污染性的几种双翅目昆虫扩大到蚤类、蝉螂、蚂蚁等。本文分析与总结了近十年来关于应用于卫生害虫防治的昆虫生长调节剂的研究概况,并重点放在剂型的评价,新的防治机理,抗性的产生与状况以及对环境中非靶生物的影响。引用的文献为1983年至1994年。

In the past decade,the effectiveness and potential use of insect growth regulators(I-GRs)against insects of public health impor-tance have been reported extensiveiy in the lit-crature.The types of IGRs studied to date in-clude insect juvenile hormones(JHs)and their synthetic analogs(JHAs),chitin syntbesis in-hibitors(CSIs)and other substances manifest-ing growth modifying properties.Many com-pounds have been evaluated for activity a-gainst a wide variety of nuisance and vector in-sects in the laboratory and field.Among these compounds have been evaluated for activity a-gainst field.Among thesc compounds.metho-prene,diflubenzuron,and pyriproxyfen possess a high level of activity and have been regis-tered for the control of some insects of public heaith importance in many countrise of the world.One most relevant and useful publica-tion by Mian and Mulla(1982)had provided a review of the potential use of IGRs against in-sects of medical importonce and the environ-mental properties of these compounds.Since that review,extensive additional studies relat-ed to IGRs have appeared in the liteature.At present,the list of IGRs tested target insects has grown from several species of biting flies,nuisance flies.and filth flies to fleas.cock-roaches,fire ants and so on.The present re-view analyzes and provides updated summary of the activity and application of IGRs both in laboratory and field trials against inseets of public health importance,with emphasis on formulation assessments,new action mecha-nisms,resistance potential,and impact of these compounds on nontarget organisms.This re-view covers relevant literature from 1983 to 1994.