纯系间数量性状主基因差异的遗传分析

Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Trait Differences with Effects of Major Genes Among Inbred Lines

将Ｅｌｓｔｏｎ模型应用于存在主基因差异的纯系间杂交的分离世代分析，提出利用似然函数分析数量性状的尺度效应、主基因分离比例以及主基因效应和微基因效应的方法，并应用于水稻矮秆遗传实验。结果表明，半矮秆籼稻品种南京１１号带有的隐性矮秆主基因，效应大约为４０—５６ｃｍ。微基因效应以加性为主，且主、微基因存在显著互作，但互作和微基因效应均远小于主基因效应。

Elston′s model with some modifications and extensions is applied to the genetic analysis of quantitative trait differences due to major genes and polygenes among inbred lines.The likelihood methods are used for the analysis of scale effect, segregating ratios and effects of major genes,as well as effects of polygenes. The method is then applied to a set of data involved a dwarf gene in rice. Results of the analysis indicated that the semi-dwarf genes carried by Nanjing 11 has an effect of about 40-56cm. The effects of polygenes are mainly additive and significant interactions between the major gene and polygenes are detected. Both the interaction and polygenic effects are much smaller than the major gene effect.