稻米营养品质种子效应和母体效应的遗传分析

Analysis of Seed and Maternal Genetic Effects for Nutrient Quality Characters in Hybrids of indica Rice

采用谷类作物种子数量性状的遗传模型，以珍汕９７Ａ等６个籼型不育系与测早２－２等，３个早籼恢复系进行不完全双列杂交，对籼型杂交稻稻米营养品质性状进行了遗传分析。结果表明：稻米蛋白质含量和蛋白质指数主要受制于母体遗传效应，但亦受到种子基因效应的影响；赖氨酸含量和赖氨酸指数则主要与种子基因效应有关，其中赖氨酸含量还受到母体加性效应的影响。除赖氨酸指数外，其它营养品质性状的种子直接遗传率和母体遗传率均已达到极显著水平。遗传效应预测值表明，选用浙南１号Ａ和２６７１５较易获得稻米营养品质较为理想的籼型杂交稻组合。

Six male sterile lines(Zhenshan 97 A etc.)and three restorer lines(Cezao 2-2 etc.)were used in incomplete diallel crosses.Genetic analysis was conducted for nutrient quality characters in indica hybrid rice by using a new genetic model for quantitatively characters of seeds in cereal crops.The results indicated that protein content and protein index in milled rice were mainly controlled by maternal genetic effects,but also affected by seed genetic effects.Lysine content and lysine index were mainly controlled by seed genetic effects and lysine content was also affected by maternal additve effect.Seed direct heritability and maternal heritability were significant execpt for lysine index.Predicted genetic effects indicated that Zhenan 1 A and 26715 were better than other parents for making a corss with good nutrient quality.