青霉菌P－93对偶氮染料的降解特性研究

PROPERTIES OF AZO DYES DEGRADATION BY PENICILLIUM P-93

采用富集培养的方法，从土壤中分离得到一株对偶氮染料酸性大红（ＧＲ）和酸性黑（ＡＴＴ）有较强脱色能力的青霉菌Ｐ－９３（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍｓｐ．Ｐ－９３）。该菌以ＧＲ和ＡＴＴ作为唯一Ｃ源和唯一Ｎ源均能生长。Ｐ－９３在ｐＨ４．０─８．０的范围内对ＡＴＴ的脱色率都在８０％以上，在２８－３７℃的温度范围内对ＧＲ和ＡＴＴ的脱色率也都超过８０％。对降解产物的紫外─可见光光谱分析表明，对ＧＲ和ＡＴＴ在可见光区的吸收峰（４８７．１ｎｍ，４８６．２ｎｍ和５９６．５ｎｍ）明显消失，而在紫外区的光吸收有所加强。Ｐ－９３中降解ＧＲ和ＡＴＴ的酶主要存在于细胞内，其生物合成不受染料的诱导。

A strain of Penicillium P-93. effectively degrading azo dyes, Eriosin red (GR)and Acid black (ATT),was isolated from soil by enrichment culture. This organism utilized the two dyes as the sole sources of carbon and nitrogen for its growth. The optimum pH and temperature for decolorization were 5.0 and 30℃ respectively. The wide ranges of PH from 4.0 to 8.0 and temperature from 28℃ to 37℃ did not affed decolorization rate.The products of azo dyes desraded by Penicillium P-93 were determinced by UV-visible spectra assay. The absorption peaks in 487.1nm of GR ,and in 486.2nm and 596. 5nm of ATT were obviously disappeared, while the absorption in UV district was somewhat increased. The result showed that the enzymes degrading the dyes were mainly located in the cells of P-93 and their biosynthesis was not induced by dyes.