铁路罐车计量误差及纠差措施

Rail Tanker Measurement and Its Error Correction

铁路罐车的计量是一项繁琐的工作,易产生较大的误差,影响炼油企业与用户的经济利益。罐车计量误差产生的原因有①人工检尺不准,②测温数值偏差大,③测密度方法不规范,④罐车计量容积表填写规定不明确,⑤查表、填单、计算错误,⑥罐车装油后罐体热膨冷缩,⑦罐车装油后发生横向变形,⑧罐车容积检定误差大,这是罐车计量不准的主要原因。针对产生误差的不同环节提出相应的措施,解决罐车计量误差的最根本办法是采用计算机动态电子轨道衡检斤计量,它可把多项计量误差化为一项重量检斤差,计量精度可达0.2级。

Being quite overelaborate, rail tanker measurement is subject to considerable errors which give rise to economic losses to refineries and customers. The error-causing factors are th following: ①Inaccurate hand-dipping; ②Large deviation of measuring temperature;③Non-standard density measuring technique;④Perfunctory strapping table for rail tanker;⑤ Incorrect table consultation, table filling in and calculation;⑥Thermal expansion and contraction of the loaded tanker;⑦Transverse deformation of the tanker after being loaded;⑧ Large error in tanker volume verification ( the main factor for inaccurate tanker measurement). Precautions are given accordingly in the light of the specific link where the errors occur. It is pointed out that most foundmental solution to the correction of rail tanker measurement errors is to adopt the computer measurement technique of dynamic electricity rail balance,by which multiple measurement errors can be turned into one weight difference, and an accuracy of 0. 2 degree can be achieved.