模拟酸雨淋洗下土壤化学和矿物风化特性的变化

Chemical and Mineralogical Changes of Soil under the Influence of Simulated Acid Rain

经模拟酸雨处理不同紫色土而引起土壤化学和矿物变化的研究，发现模拟酸雨量对土壤交换性盐基影响更大，盐基离子流失次序为Ｃａ（２＋）＞Ｍｇ（２＋）＞Ｋ＋，而土壤酸度受模拟酸雨酸度直接影响更重。在模拟大量酸度强酸雨处理明显酸化的土壤上，铁、铝氧化物含量相对增加；粘土矿物中石英明显减少，晶体表面状况受到破坏。因此，重庆地区长期的酸雨必将影响到土壤的化学风化。

Two types of purple soils that had been treated by simulated acid rain were studied for determining the effect of acidic deposition on chemical and mineralogical properties of soil. The result showed that losses of soil exchangeable base are more related to the amount of simulated acid rain,the contents of the base losses are in the order of Ca2+>Mg2+》K+,while the acidity of simu- lated acid rain directly influence upon the acidity of soil,namely,the pH value of soil decreases sig-nifieantly. The oxides contents of Fe and Al increase relatively in the distinetly acidified soils treatedby a great quantity of simulated acid rain,the content of quartz in the clays from acidified sOil also decreases,and the properties of mineral surface are destroyed. herefore,the chemical weathering of agricultural soil under the influence of long-term acid rain could be developed rapidly in Chongqingarea.