猕猴桃光合产物输出与分配规律的研究

Export and Distribution of ￣(14)C-photosynthates in Kiwifruit Trees

以‘秦美’猕猴桃４年生树为试材，研究了田间条件下整株饲喂１４ＣＯ２后，猕猴桃光合产物的输出和分布规律。结果表明：１．叶龄小于２２天的幼叶不断从成熟叶片吸取碳素营养，叶龄为２２～２４天时，叶片中光合产物输入与输出达到平衡，叶龄≥２４天时，叶片开始大量输出光合产物。２．新梢迅速生长期，光合产物主要向新梢与幼果运输，极少向地下部输送；新梢缓长期，光合产物大量向根部运输，极少向新梢顶端运输；新梢第二次生长高峰期及采果后，光合产物在新梢和根部均有分配；在整个生长季节中，光合产物都向芽中输送。３新梢迅速生长期形成的光合产物在果实成熟后极少参与形成可溶性糖、氨基酸和有机酸。新梢缓长期形成的光合产物在果实中能形成上述三类物质，并较多用于形成氨基酸。新梢第二次生长高峰期形成的光合产物在成熟果实中主要转化为可溶性糖，部分形成氨基酸，很少形成有机酸。

year-old' Qinmei' Kiwifruit trees (Actinidia deliciosa C. F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson cv. Qinmei) were used to study the rules of photosynthates export in kiwifruit leaves and the utilization of them in the trees and fruits. Experimental results showed that 1. 14C-photosynthates were imported to kiwifruit new leaves before 22nd day after leaf expansion. There was a balance between import and export of 14C-photosynthates in leaves during 22～24th day after leaf expansion and the net export of 14C-photosynthates began at 24th day after leaf expansion. 2. The photosynthates assimilated in spring would be mainly transported to the upper part of shoots including immature leaves and fruits, very little to roots. But in the summer, more photosynthates were transported to roots, little to shoot apex, and they would be transported to accessory branches and roots in the fall.The 14C-photosynthates would be transported to the bud during the entire growing season. 3. 14C-photosynthates labelled in spring were found a little in sugars, amino acids and organic acids in harvested fruits, and that labelled in summer could be found in the nutrients as mentioned above. 14C-labelled in leaves in early fall could be transformed more sugars, secondary amino acids and little organic acids in mature fruits.