赖草的种间和属间杂种胚胎培养研究

STUDY ON EMBRYO CULTURE FO INTERSPEFIFIC AND INTERGENERIC HYBRIDS FORM GENUS LEYMUS

以小麦族赖草属植物的６个种：赖草（Ｌｅｙｍｕｓｓｅｃａｌｉｎｕｓ）、窄颖赖草（Ｌ．ａｎｇｕｓｔｕｓ）、单小穗赖草（Ｌ．ａｅｍｕｌａｎｓ）、多枝赖草（Ｌ．ｍｕｌｔｉｃａｕｌｉｓ）、大赖草（Ｌ．ｒａｃｅｍｏｓｕｓ）和天山赖草（Ｌ．ｔｉａｎｓｈａｎｉｃｕｓ）作试验材料，分别组配成５个种间杂交组合，并与新麦草属（Ｐｓａｔｈｙｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙｓ）、鹅观草属（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉａ）以及Ｔｈｉｎｏｐｙｒｕｍ属组配成９个属间杂交组合。应用胚胎培养技术，离体培养杂种胚胎，成功地拯救了赖草植物的种间和属间杂种。试验结果表明，杂种胚胎的胚龄、培养基的营养组成以及杂种基因型对离体胚胎的培养有明显影响。

he embryo culture was studied on interspecific and intergeneric hybrids from Genus Leymus species.The six species which were involved in this experiment were L.secalinus,L. angust us,L. aemulans,L. multicaulis,L. racemosus,and L. tianshanicus,Five interst1ecific crosses were fonned from them,and ten intergeneric crosses were also formed from five of them with Psathyrostachys,Roegneria and Thinopyrum species.Their hybrid embryos were cultured in vitro by the means of embryo culture,and the interspecific and intergeneric hybrids were suceessfully rescued.The expcrimental results showed that embryo age of the hybrid embryos,nutrient compo- sition ofmedia,and hybrid genotypes existed obvious influences on frequencies ofseedling formed from bybrid embryos.