水稻无融合生殖材料PDER选育的初步研究

A Preliminary Research on the Selection of Apomictic Rice Material PDER

通过离子注入Ｆ１代杂交种子，从后代中选育出２个早发生胚水稻品系，开花前１～２ｄ，未经授粉受精，卵细胞能自行分裂成多细胞原胚，发生频率高达２６．８％，用显性紫色稻作父本测交，Ｆ１代出现一定比例母本类型植株。经细胞胚胎学观察，已证实该材料存在二倍体孢子生殖（Ｄｉｐｌｏｓｐｏｒｙ）和无孢子生殖（Ａｐｏｓｐｏｒｙ），同时还存在未受精极核分裂成初生胚乳核的现象。

Two pre-developed embryo rice(PDER)lines were selected from the offspring of the F1 hy-brid seeds treated by ion implantation.Their egg cells can divide into multi-cellular preoembryos withoutfertilization at 1 or 2 days before flowering.The frequency of their pre-developed embryo(PDE)was highto 26.8%。 When the PDER lines were used as the female parent and test-crossed with a dominant purplerice,some of their F1 progenies were found to be the same genotype as the female parent.By cyto-embry-ologic observations,it was indicated that there existed two types of apomixis(diplospory and apospory)andsome primary nucleus of endosperm divided spontaneously from unfertilized polar nucleus in PDER.