心肺功能综合评定对优秀径类运动员选才及训练的指导作用

CARDIO-VENTILATORY RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN THE EVALUATION OF ELITE RUNNERS

对我国34名优秀径类运动员(男23,女11)进行递增式踏车试验,连续观察(?)E,气促指数,心率,心搏效率,氧脉,(?)O_2max,无氧阈((?)E/(?)O_2,(?)CO_2/(?)O_2曲线的拐点),结果显示,我国男子中长跑运动员(?)O_2显著低于世界水平,而女子长跑运动员则接近于世界水平。综合心肺功能评定可以发现运动员心肺或肌肉功能薄弱环节,为青少年选材提供依据,并可用于评价训练效果。

To assess the cardio-ventilatory function and muscle strength in runners, a stepwise progressive work load ergometer test (30 watts/min) was taken by 34 elite Chinese runners (23 males and 11 females) using the Gould 9000 Computerized Cardio-pulmonary System. Measurements covered such items as VE, dyspnea index, heart rate, HR/VO_2 (heart rate slope), oxygen (O_2) pulse, O_2 pulse per kg weight, VO_2max and anaerobic threshold (AT, as demonstrated by the break point of the slopes while plotting VE or VCO_2 against VO_2). VO_2max levels in men middle and long distance runners were found to be much lower than those in the world's elite runners. In the case of women long distance runners, however the difference was much smaller. Results of the test also suggested that AT difference as deduced from two break points (VE/VO_2 slope and VCO_2/VO_2 slope) may represent the anaerobic endurance of athletes. The combined cardio-ventilatory test during maximal exercise will be useful for identifying young track talent by determining the vulnerable spots in the cardiac function, ventilatory function, VO_2, AT and muscle strength of the athletes under test. It can also be used for evaluating the results of athletic training.