金腰燕Hirundo daurica japonica营巢习性、季节性活动与生态因子的关系

Relationship between the Nesting Habits and Seasonal Activity of Hirundo daurlca japonica and the Ecological Factors.

分别于１９９２和１９９３年３～１０月在浙江临安研究了金腰燕的营巢习性及生态因子对其活动的影响。观察１０９巢的结构、分布、基底和巢出入口朝向，测量了巢的大小和繁殖状况。气温、光照对金腰燕醒觉和出飞活动有明显的季节影响。平均醒觉照度为４５．６０１ｘ，出飞照度为７４，２７１ｋ。醒觉时间与醒觉照度有密切的线性相关关系。出飞时间与照度无线性回归关系。阴天醒觉和出飞时间均较晴天迟，醒觉照度和出飞照度也相应较低。台风及暴雨对金腰燕出飞具有明显阻碍作用。

A study was made of nesting habits of the golden-rumped swallowand effects of ecological factors on its activity at Lin'an, Zhejiang , fromMarch to October in 1992～1993.The structure, distribution, base, entrancedirection of 109 nests were observed and nest size and reproduct ion activ-ity were measured. The investigation shows the seasonal activity of the gold-en-rumped swallow is closely related with ecological factors, particularlywith air temperature and illuminance. Generally, it awakens at 45.60 lx ofilluminance and leaves its nest at 74.271 lx,The awakening time is correlatedwith the illuminance. The correlation is very obvious. There doesn't existany correlation between the leaving time and the illuminance. The swallowawakens and leays later on a overcast day than on a sunny day,and accord-ingly the awakening and leaving illuminance is lower.The violent typhoonand rainstorm hinder its leaving activity to a larger extent.